Learn the importance of effective Supply Chain Management (SCM) in today's business world. Know more about the various SCM concepts, strategies, tools, and techniques. Supply Chain A supply chain is basically a network between a company and its suppliers that helps it to produce and distribute … [Continue reading] about Supply Chain Management: Comprehensive Guide and Strategies
Identify the key external and internal sources of finance, and learn to appraise the potential appropriateness of each of these sources of finance. The investment process involves obtaining funds, evaluating available investment opportunities and … [Continue reading] about Internal and External Sources of Finance: Building Blocks of Business Financing
Understand the importance of capital investment planning and appraisal. Learn about the key investment appraisal techniques. Understand the importance of human behaviour issues in investment decision making. The nature of investment decisions is … [Continue reading] about Capital Investment Appraisal Methods
Explain the purpose of budgets. Interpret the information that budgets provide. Critique the benefits and shortcomings of budgets. "A future plan which sets out a business's financial targets". (chartered Institute of Management). Forward looking, … [Continue reading] about Budgeting 101: How Firms Control Their Finances
Understand the annual report and its key components and why they are more just numbers. Here's your ultimate guide to company performance metrics. The annual report of a company includes the Income Statement, Statement of Financial Position (also … [Continue reading] about What’s Inside an Annual Report and Why Does It Matter?
Jean-Noel Kapferer's Brand Identity Prism is a model that talks about the various facets that helps a business build strong, enduring brand identity. As per the model, a brand’s success is driven by a company-wide utilisation of the following … [Continue reading] about Kapferer Brand Identity Prism Explained
Understand more about financial ratios and what they inform about the business. Learn to calculate and analyse some key financial ratios and draw overall conclusions about a business based on these ratios. "A set of accounts is like a book, which … [Continue reading] about Understanding Financial Ratios: Definitions and Examples
One of the activities of management accounting is costing; there are different types of cost and costing methods. Learn more about cost accounting and why its needed in organisations. Management accounting is the presentation of financial … [Continue reading] about Cost Accounting 101: Understanding the Basics
Marcom (marketing communication) objectives & tools. Marcom Tools Various Marcom Tools: Advertising, Social Media, Trade shows and personal selling, Distribution, Personal selling, Price, Product satisfaction, Introductory low pricing, Free … [Continue reading] about Marcom Objectives & Tools
The Hierarchy of Effects Theory is a model in marketing and advertising that describes the sequence of stages a consumer goes through when making a purchase decision. These stages include awareness, knowledge, liking or interest, preference, … [Continue reading] about Hierarchy of Effects Theory Explained
Brand positioning is about creating a suitable image for a brand in the minds of the target audience. As part of this process, the unique features of the brand are indetified and is communicated effectively to create a distict image of that brand to … [Continue reading] about Brand Positioning: Concepts
Service operations refer to the business and operational activities involved in actually delivering a product or service to a customer, including service design, service delivery, and service management. Learn more about the distinct concepts within … [Continue reading] about The Key Elements of Service Operations: A Comprehensive Guide
Firms can improve operations through strategic performance objectives. Learn how organizations use performance objectives to optimize operational efficiency, maximizing profitability and to gain competive advantages. The performance objectives of … [Continue reading] about The Five Essential Performance Objectives of Operational Success
Best Finance and Accounting: Books, Journals and Resources. Best Finance and Accounting Books Here are the best books on Finance and Accounting. J.Dyson 2020 Accounting for non-accounting students. 10th Edition Pearson. P Atrill, E McLaney 2018 … [Continue reading] about Finance and Accounting: Books, Journals and Resources
The framework is commonly used in operations management to optimize the various processes and to streamline operations. The transformation process refers to the series of activities that transform inputs into outputs and is a core concept in the … [Continue reading] about Understanding the Transformation Process in Operations Management
Henri Fayol's Principles of Management includes 14 principles that are used in managerial decision-making and organizational design. These principles were identified by Henri Fayol in the early 20th century. Henri Fayol is credited with developing … [Continue reading] about Principles of Management by Henri Fayol
Find insights on effective global leadership. Here we tryto understand the traits and characteristics of a Global Leader that promote cross-cultural collaboration. Global leadership is about leading collaborative efforts among people from different … [Continue reading] about Global Leadership in Modern Times: An Intersection of Culture, Politics, and Economics
A classic example of an organisation that failed to innovate and strategically adapt to both changes and pressures in the external environment (particularly technological changes) and its strategic positioning in a rapidly changing marketplace was … [Continue reading] about Blockbusters Case Study
A Guide to the various Generations, from Boomers to Gen Z and beyond. Understand the various generations of people, their differences and similarities, their unique experiences and perspectives. Learn about the various strategies to communicate and … [Continue reading] about Breaking Down the Generational Divide: Understanding X, Y, Z and Beyond
Industry 4.0 refers to adoption of cyber physical system like Internet of Things and Internet of system. 1st I.R- Used water and steam to mechanise production. 2nd I.R.- Used Electric Power to create mass production 3rd I.R- Used Electronics and … [Continue reading] about Industry 4.0: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fourth Industrial Revolution
Entrepreneurship is the process of starting and running a new business with the goal of making a profit. It requires a combination of vision, creativity, perseverance, adaptability, business acumen, and willingness to taking risks. It typically … [Continue reading] about Entrepreneurship Theories & Concepts: All About Creating a Winning Business
Entrepreneurial traits and characteristics are the personal qualities and skills that successful entrepreneurs possess. Let's take a closer look at some of these traits. The description of the enterprising person is drawn from what is known about … [Continue reading] about Key Traits of Successful Entrepreneurs
Digital marketing is marketing using digital channels, such as the internet, social media, email, mobile apps, and more. It enables businesses to reach out to potential customers through various electronic devices, including desktop computers and … [Continue reading] about What is Digital (Social Media) Marketing?
Global Marketing Gaffes: Here are some examples of how companies failed when localizing their business in different countries leading to embarassing results. Braniff International Airlines translated a slogan touting its finely upholstered seats … [Continue reading] about Global Marketing Gone Wrong: The Most Embarrassing International Marketing Fails
Global Retailing is any retailing activity that crosses national boundaries. For centuries entrepreneurial merchants have ventured abroad to seek out merchandize and to establish retail operations. Today’s global retailing scene is characterized by … [Continue reading] about Global Retailing
Branding is about creative a strong perception of a company and its product/services in the minds of the consumers. A truly global brand: meets the wants and needs of a global market is offered in all world regions has the same brand name, and in … [Continue reading] about Global Branding and Glocal Branding Strategies
In the global landscape, Economic Integration usually can be classified into various additive levels. Regional Economic Integration (Preferential Trade Agreement) The WTO promotes free trade on a global basis, however countries in each of the world’s … [Continue reading] about Economic Integration: Various Levels Explained
In attempting to understand anther culture, we inevitably, interpret our new cultural surrounding on the basis of existing knowledge of our own culture. There is a human tendency towards ethnocentricity. These ‘biased’ interpretations happen … [Continue reading] about Self-Reference Criterion (SRC) Explained
EPRG (acronym for Ethnocentric, Polycentric, Regiocentric, and Geocentric) is a framework to explain internationalization approaches of businesses. It is used in the internationalization process of businesses, and helps understand the type of … [Continue reading] about The EPRG Framework/Model of International Business
There are several change management models that help organisations implement change successfully. Here we take a look at the various models and theories to help manage change. Introduction to Change Management Change management refers to changes to … [Continue reading] about Change Management: Various Models/Theories to manage change better
The Emergence of a New Economic Powerhouse: The rise of BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) as the 21st century’s engines of global economic growth. There is a shift of power within the world economy towards these countries, … [Continue reading] about The Rising Power of Emerging Markets
Understand the structure of Global Competition and resulting strategic options. The Globalization of Competition An inevitable consequence of globalization of markets is the growth of intense competition on a global scale. Liberalization, … [Continue reading] about Understanding Global Competition and Strategies Moves
In Operations Management, the 4Vs refer to the four dimensions used to assess operations processes. Typology of Operations: 4Vs Operations can be categorised into four dimensions, referred to as The 4Vs typology. These four dimensions are Volume, … [Continue reading] about The 4 Vs of Operations Management Explained
Prahalad (2004) and Karnani (2007) discuss the role of private sector companies in responsibly serving bottom of the pyramid markets (low income markets) in efforts to reduce poverty. Prahalad (2004) suggests that businesses and governments should … [Continue reading] about Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) Markets
Global advertising may be defined as messages whose art, copy, headlines photographs, taglines, and other elements have been developed explicitly for worldwide suitability. A standardized ad campaign requires a key message, delivered to the target … [Continue reading] about Global Advertising: Breaking Down Borders
In a globalized world, the entire world is a marketplace, and market segments are no longer considered based only on the basis of national borders. Products have always been travelling and international trade has existed for centuries. While … [Continue reading] about Global Marketing: Definition, Scope, Strategies, Examples
Marketing operates in a complex and changing environment. The marketing environment is the environment that a business operates in (Whalley 2010, p. 50). It involves the actors and forces outside marketing that affect marketing management’s ability … [Continue reading] about Marketing Environment: Understanding the internal and external environment
Every business needs product/services that it can sell to potential customers. While firms would prefer to have standardized products that they can sell over the world, there are various factors that compel firms to adapt their products. In general, … [Continue reading] about Product Adaptation and Standardization
A product is a good, service or an idea with both tangible and intangible attributes that collectively create value for a buyer or user. Tangible attributes can be assessed in physical terms such as weight dimensions, or materials used. It refers to … [Continue reading] about Product (P of Marketing Mix) & Product Mix: Definition, Features, Examples
The success of a global strategy is influenced by the selection of an appropriate organizational structure to implement that strategy. The ideal structure of such as an organization should be a function of: the products and services to be sold in a … [Continue reading] about Organizational Structures for Global Marketing
The Pugh Matrix is a decision-making tool that is used to compare multiple alternatives and select the most favourable one. In this method, the various options are evaluated based on several weighted criteria. This is a variation of the L-shaped … [Continue reading] about Decision-Making Matrix (Pugh Matrix)
Global Market Segmentation: Here's how firms screen and select country markets to enter. Importance of Entering the ‘Right’ Market There are over a couple of hundred countries and territories, but most firms do not compete in all those markets. … [Continue reading] about Global Market Segmentation: How firms assess and select markets
The success of businesses depends a lot on the workforce. A motivated and skilled workforce can do wonders to the growth of the company. However, there are many things that play a part in hiring people, keeping the employees happy and satisfied … [Continue reading] about Human Resource Management (HRM): Definitions, Concepts
Foreign Market Entry Strategies: Various ways to enter the international market. Any company that wants to enter the international market has to take some strategic decisions pertaining to that foreign market; it has to analyse the market and plan … [Continue reading] about Market Entry Modes in Global Marketing: Expansion Strategies
International marketing refers to the activities related to the sale of goods and services of one country in other countries. While international trade is about commerce between countries, international marketing is about promotion of products and … [Continue reading] about International Marketing: Scope, Strategies, Examples
Marketing mixes can be standardized (global) or they can be adapted (local). Marketing mixes of most global companies tend to be "glocal" with some amount of localization. Standardisation vs Adaptation in International Marketing Once the firm has … [Continue reading] about Standardisation vs Adaptation (Glocalization) in International Marketing
"Internationalization" is the term we use for a firm’s expansion from its domestic market into new markets abroad. Today most large companies operate outside their home markets. Let's understand the motives behind a company’s decision to compete in … [Continue reading] about Internationalization: Definition, Models, Barriers
Put simply, Free trade is international trade where there are no government policies restricting the import and export of goods and services. While economists consider this as the best approach to maintain a healthy global economy, this is more of a … [Continue reading] about Understanding Free Trade: Definition, Pros, and Cons
Organizational culture refers to things such as uniformity in work practices, working style, employee motivation levels, sense of belonging, etc. within the company. Culture is also something that takes times to build and also cannot be changed … [Continue reading] about Organization Culture: Importance, factors and how it can be changed
The communities where we live and work are facing complex challenges such as climate change, economic uncertainty, income inequality, multicultural relations, geopolitical unrest and other seemingly uncontrollable forces. People are stressed, … [Continue reading] about Leadership (Organizational Behavior)
